In what way does irony function in literature?

Irony in literature serves a crucial function by creating a contrast between expectation and reality, which often highlights the complexities of a situation or character. This juxtaposition can evoke surprise, humor, or deep reflection, allowing readers to engage more critically with the text. For instance, an event may unfold in a way that is contrary to what the audience anticipates, thereby emphasizing themes or messages the author intends to convey. This element of surprise can reveal deeper truths about characters or society and provoke thought regarding the discrepancies between how things appear and how they truly are. By utilizing irony, writers enrich their narratives, allowing for multiple interpretations and a more nuanced reading experience.